Rice grain discoloration: effect of nitrogen fertilisation
Pecky or grain discoloration of rice reduced germination and caused kernel pigmentation. Several microorganisms are associated. This article evaluates the response of 5 rice genotypes under different nitrogen fertilisation. The mycoflora involved was isolated and identified. A field assay in Los Hornos (Buenos Aires, Argentina) with the 5 cultivars, under three levels of N, in a complete aleatorized design with four blocks was performed. Symptoms were characterized visually and disease incidence and germination percentage was quantified. An ANOVA test to evaluat both parameters was done using cultivars, treatments and blocks as the source of variation. Differences were compared by Tukey test (p<0,05). For seed health, the blotter test was carried out using 200 seeds per plot. Interaction fertilisation x genotype was performed for incidence percentage variable. The grain germination percentage decreased significatively with the higher doses of nitrogen. It was inhibited in variable proportion by different fungi with a range between 23,2 % in the case of Epicoccum sp. to 100 % for Bipolaris oryzae (B. de Haan) Shoem. Fungal presence was higher with the N dosis applied.
Key words: mycoflora, Oryza sativa, nitrogen, seed.